对于辐射通量,当指定的正向电流流入 LED 时,测量全部辐射输出功率。为了测量在水平方向上发射的辐射功率,提供了一个反射器,这样可以通过放置在 LED 前方的光电二极管检测从 LED 的每个方向发射的全部辐射功率。
辐射灵敏度是指当光活性表面被给定波长的光照射时产生的光电电流。它定义为电流除以入射辐射功率,以 A/W(安培/瓦特)表示。请参见阴极辐射灵敏度。
杂质浓度不均匀的结构(例如:N+ -P -π -P+ 层),在 APD 的 PN 结边界附近的区域中形成。π 层用作光吸收区域,此处生成的载流子在 P 层中倍增。在施加高反向电压的情况下使用 APD,以便耗尽 π 层(穿通),从而提高速度。因此,这种结构被称为穿通型。
读出噪声与曝光量无关。它是 CCD 产生的噪声量。与光量或暗电流无关。
红白比用于比较光谱灵敏度特性扩展到近红外区域的光电倍增管的灵敏度。与蓝敏度指数一样,红白比也通过用于阴极亮度灵敏度的测量系统进行测量,但要插入红光/红外滤光片。红白比定义为使用红光/红外滤光片时测量的阴极灵敏度与不使用滤光片时测量的阴极亮度灵敏度的比值。
氙气闪光灯配备了内置反射镜,获得的光量多达传统光源的 4 倍。两种类型的反射镜可供选择:
对器件施加反向电压会在特定电压下触发击穿,并导致器件性能严重劣化。因此,为反向电压指定的绝对最大额定值是略低于击穿电压的电压。即使瞬时的反向电压也不应超过最大额定值。
上升时间是指在响应阶跃函数光的输入时,输出从最大输出值(稳态值)的 10% 上升到 90% 所需的时间。
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