2024年,备受期待的CES(美国消费电子展)在拉斯维加斯圆满落幕。这次展览的焦点无疑是AI、智慧出行、5G、IoT以及显示技术,它们共同塑造了未来的科技潮流。在本次CES展会上,车载激光雷达子项无疑成为了最引人注目的亮点之一。作为下一代汽车技术的代表,车载激光雷达在智慧出行领域中发挥着至关重要的作用。笔者有幸亲临现场,深入了解了各大厂商展出的激光雷达产品,并与业内专家进行了深入交流。通过这次参观和学习,我得以一窥未来激光雷达市场的发展趋势。
激光雷达产品趋势竞争焦点逐步聚拢
通过笔者的观察,以此次CES展会为界,激光雷达方案主旋律正式进入了中字头的时代。TOF技术方案下,从数量和产品的成熟度看,有产品实物和点云数据并可以明确有量产时间表的大多都是中国厂家。笔者在和一组团队擦肩而过的时候,听到队伍中有人随口说了“oh,there is another Chinese LiDAR company”。这让我深感激光雷达技术在中国的发展已经引起了全球的关注。
与此同时,在参观各大公司的展位和产品时,我们发现了彼此竞争的关键点,并逐渐将焦点集中在了以下几个核心方面:
从产品端看
1、300 m测距能力@超远距离探测能力+ 200 m测距能力@中长距离探测能力;
2、全域/ROI:0.05*0.05@更加清晰角分辨能力;
3、小型化和灵活配置能力,方便客户部署。
从公司端看
笔者基于公开数据,列举了有代表性的产品,如下图表所示。(如需获取此表,可在滨松中国微信公众号后台回复关键词”Lidar 0129”即可)
表1 激光雷达具有代表性厂商产品参数展示
从表中我们仔细观察,不难看出上述罗列出的产品端明确的方向和趋势。
可以想想,随着2024 CES这些”卷王们“发布的激光雷达一个个的出A-B-C样品到量产落地,车厂OEM的”胃口“会随着产品升级而刁钻,从2024年后段开始,逐步地会提高准入要求和对LiDAR的评价标准(当然性能升级的前提是成本可控,或者带来的性能升级值得多付出一定成本)。
激光雷达公司成长性金标准明确
目前跑在前面的新势力和后面追赶的传统主机厂,他们的DRE(Design Release Engineer,设计发布工程师)部门视角下,如何选择并评估和谁合作,这些标准也会逐步地收紧甚至归集。换句话如果说激光雷达一场4*N的接力赛的话,目前第四棒的交接已经有队伍启动了。
对于一家激光雷达公司来说,想要在未来的市场上独占鳌头,那么最佳的配置黄金组合应该是这样的:
“ 10%反射率下,超长距离300 m+中长距200/250 m+中短距离(50-70 m)的产品组合+软件算法支持团队+规模化智能制造能力(自有工厂或合资合作工厂)”,这个组合,就是接下来针对激光雷达公司在车载市场的一个走向胜利的画像。
从商业角度看,2024年12月之前没有获得定点或者意向定点的激光雷达公司,会面临比较大的车载市场进入压力。因为有适配合格性能的产品是一个入场券,定点上车是一个里程碑,持续交付不出质量问题是一条护城河,每一步都需要时间,每一个环节都不能抄近道。当先发者持续不断地输入用户需求和优化应用适配的时候,从产品端就追不上了,当先发者持续地通过生产不断调优,实现规模量产的时候,成本也就追不上了。性能和成本的组合,对汽车用户而言是十分重要的影响因子。
KOL躬身入局,引领智能化势在必行
当然,随着智能化汽车这一波技术浪潮还在风起云涌,还在你追我赶,谁也不能说未来不出现什么变化,不出现什么颠覆性技术,将这个游戏直接重置也不是没有可能。我们只能基于既有的见识,在有限的未来做出合理的预估。
笔者一直认为,在创业新势力“蔚小理(蔚来、小鹏、理想)”这三位智能化汽车的先行者之外,这个行业需要有资源属性的大厂入局,以身作则的引领趋势和站队智能化方向,才能消除噪声,聚拢人气。值得庆幸的是,目前华为系随着问界M5/7/9系列开始攻城略地,逐步显示锋芒。比亚迪集团在2024年初召开的年度发布会上的豪言,也预示着比亚迪开始躬身入局,开”卷“智能化驾驶体验。按照王传福董事长的演讲,其中关键词是,“接下来比亚迪会推出10+款车型配置激光雷达等多传感融合的方案,全面提升智能化体验,这套系统,20万-30万的车选配,30万以上的车标配”成为了新阶段竞争的最强音。针对这一历史事件,比亚迪集团1月16日在《比亚迪重磅发布整车智能战略,引领智能化发展新方向》新闻稿中写道 ”1月16日,2024比亚迪梦想日正式举办,展现了比亚迪的智能化实力及未来战略布局。其中,重点发布了新能源汽车智能化发展全新战略——整车智能,以及丰富的技术成果,引领行业智能化发展新方向。” 可以说,比亚迪作为2023年实际交付量全球第九大车企,全面转型迈向智能化的时刻,是对智能化赛道按下了加速播放键,接下来如何在智能化浪潮中站稳脚跟,是每一个期待在中国有所建树的新能源车厂接下来要思考的主要话题,可以预测,在接下来的车展上,高频词汇也会落在智能驾驶相关的领域中。
图2 截取自比亚迪梦想日,如有侵权,随时删除
2024年OEM/LiDAR行业趋势预测
在此,我们可以大胆地预测,在2024年中,OEM圈里将要发生的事儿:
在此,我们也可以大胆地预测,在2024年中,激光雷达圈里将要发生的事儿:
光子技术,让驾驶出行更安全
此次CES,滨松集团美国公司也在LVCC(Las Vegas Convention Center)出展,展出了针对“激光雷达” “量子” “红外光谱”三个主题。滨松集团始终以“光子造福人类,光子技术服务社会”的经营理念和价值观,持续关注滨松技术和滨松人能为社会做些什么。针对激光雷达这个技术上车,我们始终认为,给出行机器多增加一双清晰的眼睛,一定对安全驾驶有所裨益。自2016年机械式激光雷达市场崭露头角以来,滨松一直聚焦于如何将卓越技术转化为满足客户需求的商品,并助力客户实现产品化。通过客户的商品,间接服务于安全出行,为智能驾驶体验的升级注入滨松的智慧力量。
接下来,滨松集团半导体事业部将会围绕“FSI SiPM低成本化+BSI背照式SiPM/SPAD+ASIC集成化“,为客户提供灵活定制、综合性能领先的低成本产品。
针对SiPM的持续升级,在抑制Afterpulse 和 Crosstalk的基础上,提升PDE,目前实验室15 um样品已经实现PDE=30%的Gen7,PDE=40%的Gen8产品即将在4月份实现,PDE=45% ,crosstalk=2% Gen9产品预计在2025年Q4实现,10 um样品PDE=20%最早会在4月份提供给成熟用户评价。7.5 um技术开始规划,预计在2026年实现样品试做。
针对ASIC集成化方向,接下来滨松会提供1*16 SiPM+ASIC, 120*40 SiPM+ASIC,针对1D/2D方案的集成化产品。同时针对ASIC部分,开放客户定义和定制服务。
同时针对光源部分,滨松持续致力于高电光效率的边发射(4/5堆叠边发射激光器)的性能提升和易用化,预期在2024年中提供5 stack EEL=120W at 20A,0.1nm/℃(20-105℃)温度范围内低温漂的工程化产品。
图3 滨松针对LiDAR技术的发展规划(3年内)
「光之使能,力从心生」,我们由衷地期待凭借滨松的技术和产品的升级,为用户带来持续的性能改善和优化,在激光雷达这个高竞争的赛道上持续提升参数竞争力,在批量交付的过程中保持零不良率的质量目标,在这场激烈的“剩者为王“竞争中,取得优势并实现一级又一级的自动驾驶升级的目标。
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