2010 年,小行星探测器隼鸟传奇回归,受到全球关注。用于研究丝川小行星表面组成的两个装置选用了滨松光子学开发的图像传感器。InAs 图像传感器也用于 2014 年发射的隼鸟 2 号,以测量小行星表面的水分。
从滨松到全球:再到太空。滨松光子学株式会社的光学技术经历了无限扩展。
隼鸟近红外光谱仪采用的 InGaAs 图像传感器
隼鸟荧光 X 射线光谱仪采用的 CCD 图像传感器
隼鸟 2 号近红外光谱仪采用了 InAs 图像传感器
隼鸟于 2003 年 5 月 9 日发射升空,用于带回丝川小行星表面的物质样本。在丝川小行星表面成功收集了精细颗粒之后,它于 2010 年 6 月 13 日安全返回地球。隼鸟的回收舱在澳大利亚上空降落,并圆满完成任务。小行星是类似于化石的天体,因为它们是行星形成时间的相对良好的记录。隼鸟收集样本,用于获取线索,了解行星的物质构成以及行星形成时太阳系星云内部的成分。
隼鸟回归
2003 年发射的隼鸟于 2005 年到达丝川小行星。它克服了许多问题,并于 2010 年 6 月返回地球。该距离与离子引擎一起飞行了约 60 亿公里。我们的 CCD 和 InGaAs 图像传感器在隼鸟上获得使用,尽管空间条件恶劣,但仍能正常测量数据。
荧光 X 射线光谱仪是一种用于从小行星上空研究其地面物质的装置。
地面上的物质会发射特定波长的荧光 X 射线,以响应来自太阳的 X 射线的能量。通过测量从小行星表面发射的荧光 X 射线,定义了每种元素的荧光 X 射线波长,从而可以确定存在多少种元素。
荧光 X 射线光谱仪成功地测量了丝川小行星表面的材料组成,包括镁、铝和硅等。这要归功于我们的 CCD 具有大受光面和高能量分辨率的特点。
隼鸟上的近红外光谱仪 (NIRS) 是一种用于发散和检测从小行星表面反射的阳光中的红外线的装置,以便分析其地面上的矿物质和地形。我们的 InGaAs 图像传感器用于 NIRS,因为 NIRS 要求在近红外波段内具有高灵敏度,并且具有高可靠性和耐用性。
这些都是使用我们的 InGaAs 图像传感器通过近红外光谱仪在丝川小行星表面测量的矿物质。在对丝川小行星反射的 0.8 至 2.1 μm 光进行光谱测量时,发现在 1μm 和 2μm 区域反射率下降。因此可以得出结论,表面上的矿物质包括橄榄石和辉石。
隼鸟 2 号配备了近红外光谱仪 (NIRS3),通过遥感技术,在飞行过程中从太空观察测量小行星表面的水分。该检测装置采用了滨松专门设计的 InAs 线阵图像传感器,在水的红外吸收波长为 3 μm 的波段具有灵敏度。它负责协助分析小行星龙宫表面的组成和水分含量,以及选择用于样品收集的着陆点。
采用隼鸟 2 号对小行星执行遥感测量(近红外光谱观测)的概念图像 ©JAXA
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