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动态点扩散函数设计和下一代显微镜
光学显微镜和波前控制
我们通常使用的光学显微镜由光学元件（例如透镜和滤波器）、外壳机构和载物台，以及用于观测的手动或电控系统组成。最近的光学显微镜有向更高的功能性和复杂性发展的趋势，例如使用电磁驱动发射镜扫描激光亮斑的共聚焦显微镜、具有可通过透镜设计手动旋转的校正环的像差校正物镜，以及受激发射减损显微镜 (STED) 的发明，它是使用环形激光光束的超分辨率显微镜之一。因此，我们在显微镜光学系统中引入了空间光相位调制器 (LCOS-SLM) 来执行波前控制，使光束方向和光强度分布可以自由改变，并且可以对光学显微镜进行数字控制。
我们专注于点扩散函数 (PSF) 的理论控制和 LCOS-SLM 动态控制，该函数尤其给出了光学系统对点光源的响应特性。为此，需要高精度光学技术（包括透镜设计）和相位控制。不过，我们推进了技术开发，并已将其应用于显微镜。我们已成功实现单个或同时多点、像差校正、多焦点、景深扩展等此前未获得的功能。特别是，像差校正使得获得活体深部的清晰图像成为可能，这在以前一直是难以观察的。最近，我们正在研究将各种 PSF 应用于小鼠脑功能测量，并与世界各地的研究人员合作推进研究。
高阶模光的产生和光学操控
LCOS-SLM 可以高精度地表达任意相位分布，并且可以生成各种特殊光束。利用此功能，我们正在研究使用 LCOS-SLM 生成、测量和应用高阶模光，例如光旋涡。光旋涡以螺旋状围绕传播轴分布（下图左侧），因此螺旋波前的中心（称为相位奇点）具有零强度和环形的光束形状。如下图右侧所示。此外，在环形强度分布的轨道上存在角动量，μm 至 nm 大小的微粒和分子可以通过光能旋转。由于这些特点，它作为一种基于光与材料相互作用的新测量工具而受到关注，并且还被用于光学操控和超分辨率显微镜测量，这些都是近年来诺贝尔奖的热门话题。我们还在研究光镊，并成功实现了应用高精度光旋涡生成技术并提供稳定扭矩的光旋涡镊子。我们还使用波前传感器研究测量技术，以评估生成的光旋涡。光旋涡光束有一个相位奇点，其中光强度为零且无法指定相位。高阶光旋涡存在一个问题，即很难识别奇点，因为光强几乎为零的面积会增加。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了一种高精度的奇点检测方法，并进行了实验验证。高阶光旋涡光束与传统的高斯光束相比，具有很强的穿透散射介质的能力。这项测量技术预计将应用于活体深部的生物测量，目的是研究相位奇点的分布和动态。
出版物
- Yu Takiguchi, Taro Ando, Yoshiyuki Ohtake, Takashi Inoue, Haruyoshi Toyoda, “Effects of dielectric planar interface on tight focusing coherent beam: direct comparison between observations and vectorial calculation of lateral focal patterns”, Journal of the Optical Society of America A 12/2013; 30(12):2605-10
- Yu Takiguchi, Hisayoshi Takamoto, Masamitsu Kanada, Takashi Inoue, Naoya Matsumoto, Susumu Terakawa, “Numerical Spherical Aberration Correction Method using Spatial Light Modulator under Deep-Part Fluorescence Observation”, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 02/2014
- Yu Takiguchi, Min-Woong Seo, Keiichiro Kagawa, Hisayoshi Takamoto, Takashi Inoue, Shoji Kawahito and Susumu Terakawa, “Mechanical scanner-less multi-beam confocal microscope with wavefront modulation”, Optical Review 02/2016; 23(2): pp 364–368
- Y. Ohtake, T. Ando, N. Fukuchi, N. Matsumoto, H. Ito, T. Hara, "Universal generation of higher-order multiringed Laguerre-Gaussian beams by using a spatial light modulator," Optics Letters, 32, 11, 1411-1413 (2007).
- N. Matsumoto, T. Ando, T. Inoue, Y. Ohtaka, N. Fukuchi, T. Hara, "Generation of high-quality higher-order Laguerre-Gaussian beams using liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators," Journal Optical Society of America A, 25, 7, 1642-1651 (2008).
- T. Ando, Y. Ohtake, N. Matsumoto, T. Inoue, and N. Fukuchi, "Mode purities of Laguerre-Gaussian beams generated via complex-amplitude modulation using phase-only spatial light modulators," Optics Letters, 34, 34-36 (2009).
- T. Ando, N. Matsumoto, Y. Ohtaka, Y. Takiguchi, T. Inoue, "Structure of optical singularities in coaxial superpositions of laguerre-Gaussian modes," Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 27, 12, 2602-2612 (2010).
- T. Otsu, T. Ando, Y. Takiguchi, Y. Ohtake, H. Toyota, and H. Itoh, “Direct evidence for three-dimensional off-axis trapping with single Laguerre-Gaussian beam,” Scientific Reports 4:4579 (2014), doi:10.1038/srep04579.
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