为了检测具有高信噪比的弱光,ORCAⓇ-Quest 2 针对传感器从结构到电子元件的各个方面进行了设计和优化。相机开发以及定制传感器开发都采用最新的 CMOS 技术,实现了 0.30 电子的极低噪声性能。
平均每像素 1 个光子的图像(伪彩色)比较
曝光时间:200 ms LUT:最小值至最大值 比较面积:512 像素 × 512 像素
光是许多光子的集合。光子在传感器上转化为电子,这些电子被称为光电子。“光子数解析*”是一种通过对光电子计数来精确测量光的方法。为了计算这些光电子,相机噪声必须足够小于光电子信号量。传统的 sCMOS 相机可实现较小的读出噪声,但仍大于光电子信号,因此难以计算光电子。ORCA-Quest 2 采用先进的相机技术,可对光电子进行计数,并提供 0.27 电子 rms(@Ultra 安静扫描)的超低读出噪声、温度和时间稳定性、单个校准以及每个像素值的实时校正。
*光子数解析是唯一的,与光子计数有很大不同(更精确地说,该方法解析光子的数量。然而,由于单光子计数代替单光电子计数已用于该领域的可比较方法,因此我们将使用术语“光子数解析”)。
光电子概率分布的模拟数据(每个像素生成的光电子的平均数量:2 个电子)
高 QE 对于检测光子的高效性至关重要,并且通过背照式结构实现。在传统的背照式传感器中,由于没有像素分离,像素之间会发生串扰,分辨率通常低于前照式传感器。ORCA-Quest 2 qCMOS 的传感器具有用于实现高量子效率的背照式结构,以及用于减少串扰的一对一像素的沟槽结构。
什么是沟槽结构?
MTF 测量结果
调制传递函数 (MTF) 是一种分辨率评估。它是表明物体对比度能够被精确再现的程度的值。
ORCA-Quest 2 以 940 万像素 (4096 (H) × 2304 (V)) 实现超低噪声。与 Gen Ⅱ sCMOS 和 EM-CCD 相机等传统科学相机相比,ORCA-Quest 能够捕获更多对象。
此外,ORCA-Quest 2 的读出速度表现优异。这里,我们指的是“数据率(像素数 × 帧速率)”,它表示相机在 1 秒内读取多少像素,以便比较各种科学相机。与传统的 sCMOS 相机相比,带标准扫描功能的 ORCA-Quest 2 即使在较低的读出噪声下也能实现更高的数据率。此外,具有超静音扫描功能的 ORCA-Quest 2 实现了光子数解析成像,其数据率比 EM-CCD 相机的单光子计数成像快了 10 倍。
像素比较
数据率比较
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